Internal-combustion engine.



W. M. LIPPINCOTT.

`INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 15. i912. 19%.,424. Patented sept. 7, 1915.

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W. M. LIPPINCOTT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. I5. I9I2.

1 152 42% Patented Sept. 7, 1915, I, 9 2,0 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Y 3J L? 8910477 37 73 f 27 .f/ 72 7V/y7(,/@ E \9 Z9 f8 @a 22 //I/I/E/I/of? WALTER M. rrrrlNdojrrQoE 'LYNBnoom NEW rolex.

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To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER M. Lrrrnvf co'r'r, citizen of the UnitedStates, residin at Lynbrook, in the county of Nassau an State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the follow-A ing is a specification.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines of the two cycletype, and par.- ticularly to engines of this type having a differentialpiston whereby a charge is forced into the cylinder under pressure.

The primary and general object of my invention is to improve upon thisconstruction vand remove the many objections thereto, and further toprovide an engine simple in construction and eectual in operation, andso formed that the charge pumping and compressing chamber shall bedirectly and immediately connected with the cylinder, thus greatlyreducing piping and by-passing and consequent lossof power. f

A further object of .the invention is to make the parts easilyaccessible and to provide an engine so constructed that it is only.

necessary toremove the lower half ofthe connecting rod bearing andremovethe head. of the cylinder whereupon the piston may be lifted out throughthe top of 'thecylinder leaving the cylinder shell or barrel standing.

Other objects will appear in the course of the following description. j

My invention is illustrated in the accom panying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through a two cycle engine,the piston being at the bottom of stroke the power stroke beingcompleted.y Fig. 2 is a like view to Fig.

1 but showing the relation of the parts at the time that the piston isat the upper end of the stroke. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of theannular screen surrounding the intake ports of the cylinder. Fig. 4: isa plan view thereof.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the followingdescription and indicated in all the views of the accompanying drawingsby the same reference characters.

Referring to these drawings, 2 designates the crank case of an engineand 3 the shaft passing therethrough, 4t designating the iy wheel on theshaft:y Mounted upon the upper end of the crank case and shown as Mextending upward therefrom is a cylinder having outer and inner spacedwalls desigi. Specification of Letters Tatent.

Patented Sept.. "@7, 1915.

Application led October 15, 1912. Serial No. 725,828.

tween thesewalls being closed at its upper end by a web 7, the spaceinclosed by these walls and which surrounds the cylinder constltutinglawater jacket connected to any source of cold water supply as will bewell understood by those conversant with the art.

The .inner wall .6 is extended above the vweb 7 a relatively shortdistance as at 6 `nated 5 and 6 respectively, the space beand isprovided with a plurality of intake web '7 as at 5' to a considerabledistance above`the upper end of the wall 6", and spaced4 from this wall5a is an annular wall 9 which extends downward into the cylinder. Thiswall 9 it will be observed from Fig. 1

lis spaced farther from the wall 5a than the wall 6 is spaced from thewall 5, The lower end of the wall 9 is provided with compression rings10. The lower end of the wall 9 it will be seen extends beyond oroverlaps the wall '6a and is spaced therefrom \a distance approximatelyequal to the thickness oflthe piston wall. The space defined bythe-lower end of the wall 9 is closed by .ports 8. The wall 5 isextended beyond the vol a head 11 within which is disposed the spark iplug l2 which in turn is surrounded by an annular wfall 13 spaced fromthe wall 9, this space forming a water space so as to keep the head ofthe combustion chamber cool." It will be seen `that the space definedvbythe wall 25, the head 11 and the piston head 18 constitutes thiscombustion chamber. `The lower end of the combustion chamber yisprovided with ports 24 which extend around the combustion chamber to asgreat a degree as necessary, and these ports are connected by means oflike ports 14 in cylinder wall and ducts 15 to exhaust manifolds 16.

Disposed within the cylinder and reciprocating therein is the piston'17having the piston head 18, the wrist pin 19 from which extends theconnecting rod 20 to the crank ports 24, these being arranged circularlyaround the piston and being adapted to register with the exhaust ports14 when the piston isA at the lower extremity ment.

of its move- Above the thickened portion 22 of the piston, the pistonwallv extends as at 25 fitting the interior wall 6 of the cylinder andbeing provided adjacent its upper end with intake ports 26 adapted toreglster with the intake ports-8 of the cylinder wall.

rl`l1e piston vwall 25 is of such length that when the piston is in itsdepressed position as shown in Fig. 1, the upperfendof .the` pistonwallwill extend above the'cyllnder' wall, and atfits upper end thepiston wall has anoutwardly projecting annular head 27 which extendsdown over the upper end of the cylinder wall 6a. -when the piston is`depressed, the outer periphery of the head being formed with compressionrings 28 contacting with the outer wall 5a of the upper portion of thecylinder. This annular head 27 constitutes the charge pumping piston andreciprocates in the space 29 defined by the walls 5El and 9 and closedat its lower end by the-web 7L Leading into the lower part of the space29 which forms the pumping chamber and4 which is defined by the head 27,the web 7 and the walls 6a and 5a, is a by-pass passage `or duct 30, 31leading from a valve chamber 32. This valve chamber is preferablycylindrical in form and disposed therein is a rotary valve 33 sodesigned as to connect the duct 31 with a duct 34 leading to anysuitable carbureter or source of fuel. lVhile I preferably use a rotaryvalve for cuttingoi'l' and establishing communication between the,carbureter and the charge pumpmg chamber 29, I wishit.distinctlyunderstood that I may use any form of valve for thispurpose and that I do not wish to b'e limited to this particular detail.

Itwill, of course, beunderstood that when the compressing head 27 ismoved upward by the upward movement of the piston, the valve33 will beso disposed as to establish communication'between the source of fuel Theupper end of the space 29is closed by a head 35 formed by` spaced webs36 and 37 integral with the wall 9, the web being formed with a port 38opening into the space. 29. Above the web 37 an outlet port 40leads toan adjacent cylinder` or to the crank case. A pipe or tube 39 may extendfrom this port v40' if desired for a purpose to be later stated. By thusconnecting the upper end of the chamber 29, that is, the upper portionof the pumping chamber with theA crank case, I not onlg7 relieve backpressure in the upper part'of the annular space 29 duringthe up strokeof the head27, but upon the down stroke of the headv 27 oil vapors yfromthe crank case will be drawn I into the annular clialnberm29, thusaiding lubrication.. l l,

Immediately surrounding the intake ports 8 and disposed at the f lowerend' of the pumping ,cha'mber'29 ,is a screen 41 of forammous material..The screen is formed of an intermediate layer of wire gauze annularnlform and supported between two angular strips 42 formed with aplurality of perforations making an annular screen to slip over the wall6a.

It will be seen that the lower end of the cylinder is formed withoutwardly projecting base flanges 43 resting upon flanges 44 formed aspart of the crank case and bolted thereto by bolts 45. It will likewisebe noted that inasmuch as the ianges 36 and 37 forming the head 35 areintegral with the wall 9, the head l1 may be readily removed so as toopen the upper portion of the cylinder. rl`his head 35 is held to thebody of the cylinder and specifically to the wall 5a by means of screws46 or other suitable devices. The space between the wall 13 and the wall9 as before stated, constitutes a water jacket, and this space is closedat its upper end immediately around the wall 13 but from the spaceextend pipes 47 and 48 which conneet; respectively to the radiator andto the water jacket between the walls 5 and 6.

The operation of my engine is as follows. In Fig. 1 the piston is shownas at the lower end of its power stroke and the combustion chamberbetween the head of' the piston and the head 11 is filled with freshgas. The piston now starts on its return stroke. During the first partof its upward travel, the intake ports 26 and 8 are closed and theexhaust ports 14 and 24 are also closed. The fresh gas between thepiston head and the yh ead 11 will be compressed as the piston movesupward. At the same time the pumping head 27 is also carried upwardV andfresh gas is sucked into the lower part of the annular pumping chamber29 by the upward travel of the compression head 27. During said upwardmovement of the head 27'the rotary valve 33 is opened, thus establishingcommunication -between the carbureter and the pumping chamber 29. Whenthe piston has reached the top of its stroke as shown in Fig. 2, therotary valve is closed and remains closed during the power stroke. lVhenthe piston has reached the top of its stroke, the pumping chamber 29 isfull of fresh gas and the combustion chamber is full of compressed freshgas ready for expplosion. Ignition and eX- plosion take vplace and thepiston descends on the power stroke. During the descent of the piston,the gas which had heretofore been drawn into` the vchamber 29 iscompressed. reached the bottom of the power stroke, the exhaust ports14: and 24 uncover. These exhaust ports are larger than the ports 8 and26 and a-sa consequence they uncover first. 'Ihe exhaust gas thereforerushes out through the 'exhaust ports and the cylinder pressure isnegative. At this instant the intake ports 8 and 26 uncover or registerand the compressed gas confined in the pumping chamber 29 rushes intothe combustion chamber from all sides and masses about the sparkplugfilling the combustion chamber with fresh gas and forcing the remainingdead gas through the exhaust ports. The piston now starts on its returnstroke.

It will be seen that my improved engine is practically valveless. Therotary valve disposed in the casing 32 is simply for the purpose ofallowing the fresh gas to enter the pumping chamber 29 and retaining itthere until its transmission into the combustion chamber, the expulsionof dead gas from the combustion chamber and the admission of fresh gasinto said chamber being entirely independent of any valve action, thereare no valves to be subjected to the hot explosive action of combustion.

rIhe annular chamber 29 above the pumping head of the piston may beutilized as a pump chamber, for pumping tires and storing air in tanksfor air brakes or for self starting. rIhe valve mechanism whereby thisis accomplished is not illustrated in my drawings nor described for thereason that it forms no part of my present invention.

While I have illustrated what I deem to be the best form of myinvention, I do not When the piston has nearly case at one end of thecylinder into which it opens,the otherend of the cylinder be! ing open,an annularl Wall entering the last named end of the cylinder, a headforming the inner end of said wall, said wall and head being less indiameter than the diameter of the cylinder, the outer end of the annularwall being formed with a laterally extending hollow flanged portionclosing the upper end of the cylinder and detachably engaged therewith,said cylinder 'adjacent the wall being formed with a plurality of in-vtake ports and adjacent the other end of the cylinder' with a pluralityof exhaust ports, an outer annular wall extending parallel to the wallhaving the head and the wall of the cylinder, a web intersecting thespace between the cylinder wall and the outer wall, the space so definedimmediately surrounding the cylinder constituting a water jacket and thespace so deined immediately ,ports adjacent its head and inlet portsadjacent the opposite end adapted to register with the intake ports ofthe cylinder, and a tubular connection between the hollowflanged-portion of the annular wall andthe crank case, said hollowVflanged portion opening into the pumping chamber.

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature in presence' of two witnesses.

WALTER M. LIPPINCOTT.

VVitne'sses GEORGE W. WELLINGTON, HARRY Hours.

[L- Si Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C.

